Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed
"The Golden Bear",
is an American professional golfer. He is widely regarded as the most
accomplished professional golfer of all time, winning a total of 18
career major championships while producing 19 second place and 9 third
place finishes in major events on the PGA Tour over a span of 25 years.
Nicklaus did not play that many tournaments because he wanted to focus
on the Majors, but is still third on the PGA-tournament winning list,
with 73 victories.
After winning two
U.S. Amateurs in 1959 and 1961, and challenging for the 1960
U.S. Open,
Nicklaus turned professional toward the end of 1961. The 1962 U.S. Open
was both Nicklaus' first major championship victory and his first
professional win. This win over
Arnold Palmer began the on-course rivalry between the two. In 1966, Nicklaus won the
Masters Tournament for the second year in a row, becoming the first golfer to achieve this, and also won
The Open Championship,
completing his career slam of major championships. At age 26, he became
the youngest to do so at the time. In 1968 and 1969, Nicklaus did not
win a major tournament. He then won another Open Championship in 1970.
Between 1971 and 1980, he would win a further nine major championships, overtake
Bobby Jones'
record of 13 majors, and become the first player to complete double and
triple career slams of golf's four professional major championships. At
the age of 46, Nicklaus claimed his 18th and final major championship
at the
1986 Masters Tournament, becoming that championship's oldest winner. Nicklaus joined the Senior PGA Tour (now known as the
Champions Tour)
in January 1990, when he became eligible, and by April 1996 had won 10
of the tour's tournaments, including eight of that tour's major
championships, despite playing a very limited schedule. He continued to
play at least some of the four regular Tour majors until 2005, when he
made his final appearances at The Open Championship and the
Masters Tournament.
Nicklaus has also taken part in various off-course activities, including
golf course design, charity work and book writing. Nicklaus helped design courses such as
Harbour Town Golf Links. Nicklaus also runs his own tournament on the PGA Tour, the
Memorial Tournament.
His golf course design company is one of the largest in the world.
Nicklaus' books vary from instructional to autobiographical, with his
Golf My Way
considered one of the best instructional golf books of all time; the
video of the same name is the best-selling golf instructional to date.
Writings and media
Nicklaus has written several golf instructional books, an autobiography (
My Story),
a book on his golf course design methods and philosophy, and has
produced several golf videos. The writer Ken Bowden often assisted him
with this work. His book
Golf My Way is one of the all-time
classics of golf instruction, and has been reissued several times since
the initial printing in 1974. Nicklaus has also written golf
instructional columns for
Golf Magazine and for
Golf Digest magazine, with which he is currently associated. He also appeared as a television analyst and commentator with
ABC Sports on golf broadcasts.
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Several of the books have been reissued, sometimes under different
titles, and "My Story" as a special high-quality limited edition for the
2000
Memorial Tournament.
Golf computer games
Between 1988 and 1998, Nicklaus also gave his name to promote the successful
Jack Nicklaus Golf computer game series developed by
Accolade. Several of the golf courses he designed were incorporated into the fourth incarnation of the game
Jack Nicklaus 4 published in 1997. In addition,
Jack Nicklaus 6: Golden Bear Challenge by Activision was published in 1999.
Other interests
Nicklaus continues to manage the
Memorial Tournament he created in his home state of Ohio, which is played at
Muirfield Village,
a course which he designed and opened in 1974. The course was
officially dedicated on Memorial Day, May 27, 1974, with an exhibition
match between Nicklaus and
Tom Weiskopf.
Nicklaus scored a six-under par 66, which stood as the course record
until 1979. The forerunner to this tournament, the Columbus Pro-Am, had
its final year in 1975, and the inaugural Memorial Tournament was held
the following year. The tournament is one of the more prestigious events
on the PGA Tour.
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Each year, the tournament selects one or more individuals as honorees
who have made a significant impact to the game. The inaugural
tournament in 1976 paid tribute to the late Bobby Jones, while the 25th
edition in 2000 honored Nicklaus, himself. This concept was Nicklaus'
idea as a contribution to perpetuating achievements of the game's
greatest individuals. The honoree is selected by the Captain's Club, a
group that acts independently of the tournament organization, but also
advises on player invitations and the general conduct of the event.
Members of the Captain's Club include
Peter Alliss,
Peggy Kirk Bell,
George H.W. Bush,
Sean Connery,
Arnold Palmer, and
Gary Player among others.
The Memorial Tournament continues the
PGA Tour's
philanthropic focus through its relationships with Central Ohio
charities. The most significant of which is its relationship with
Nationwide Children's Hospital
since 1976. Contributions generated through the support of over 2,600
volunteers are distributed each year to the Hospital's unrestricted
giving fund. This fund assists in ensuring Central Ohio continues to
have one of the best children's hospitals in the United States. The
Memorial Tournament has raised more than $5.7 million to support the
programs and services at Nationwide Children’s Hospital in those 30-plus
years. In 2005 the Memorial made a pledge that will elevate its level
of giving to more than $11 million in the coming years. Unique and
successful relationships also exist with Fore Hope, James Cancer
Hospital, Wolfe Associates, The First Tee, Central Ohio Junior Golf
Association, Shriners, Lions Club and many more.
Nicklaus and wife Barbara serve as honorary chairman and active
chairwoman of the Nicklaus Children’s Health Care Foundation in North
Palm Beach, Florida which provides valuable programs and services to
more than 4,000 hospitalized children and their families, free of
charge, through Child Life programs, the Pediatric Oncology Support
Team, and the Safe Kids program. The Nicklauses established "The Jake", a
pro-am golf tournament played annually at The Bear's Club in Jupiter,
Florida in honor of their 17-month-old grandson who drowned in a hot tub
in 2005. It has become the foundation's chief fundraiser. Players like
Robert Allenby,
Raymond Floyd,
Tom Watson,
Ian Baker-Finch,
Ernie Els,
Jay Haas,
Johnny Miller, and
Gary Player have participated. No one accepts a fee. Everything goes to the foundation, more than $3 million over the past three years.
Nicklaus and retired General
John Shalikashvili, who served as
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from 1993–97, are serving as honorary chairs for the
American Lake Veterans Golf Course
capital campaign in Tacoma, WA. The $4.5 million campaign in 2009 was
established to complete the nation's only golf course designed for the
rehabilitation of wounded and disabled veterans. The existing nine-hole
course is operated, maintained, and managed by 160 volunteers. Funds are
needed to add nine new holes and make other improvements to better
accommodate demand from the growing influx of wounded veterans. A
two-day event was held at
Bighorn Golf Club
at Palm Desert, CA featuring Nicklaus, who is donating his design
services for the "Nicklaus Nine". In announcing his donation of services
(valued at $500,000), Nicklaus said, "I was moved to see the amazing
efforts at American Lake Veterans Golf Course where our wounded warriors
learn to play golf with the help of an incredible army of volunteers."
Monies raised during the campaign will be used to construct the new
holes, complete the construction of the Rehabilitation and Learning
Center, make improvements to the original holes to enhance
accessibility, upgrade the maintenance facilities and restrooms, and
help underwrite operational costs.
Nicklaus owns
Nicklaus Golf Equipment, founded in 1992.
Nicklaus Golf Equipment manufactures equipment in three brands: Golden
Bear, Jack Nicklaus Signature, and Nicklaus Premium. These brands are
designed to target golfers at different stages of golfing ability.
He has also been known to reach out to younger golfers. One notable
example came in 1984, when a teenage Canadian golfer who had previously
met Nicklaus at an exhibition wrote him for career advice. The young
golfer was right-handed but played left-handed; although he was showing
considerable promise as a left-hander, he had been told that he might be
an even better player if he switched to right-handed play. He wrote
Nicklaus asking for advice; Nicklaus immediately wrote back telling him
not to change if he was comfortable playing left-handed. The young
Canadian,
Mike Weir,
decided to stay with left-handed play, and eventually became a Masters
champion. He still keeps Nicklaus' letter framed in his home.
Nicklaus lends his name and likeness to a line of flavored
lemonades from
Arizona Beverage Company, the same company that sells the
Arnold Palmer line of lemonade/iced tea blends.