John "Jack" Charlton,
OBE,
DL (born 8 May 1935) is an English former
footballer and
manager who played for
Leeds United in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, and was part of the
England team who won the
1966 World Cup. He is the brother of former Manchester United and England footballer
Sir Bobby Charlton.
Charlton was a part of the successful Leeds United side of the 1960s
and 1970s, winning a league championship (1969), an FA Cup (1972), a
League Cup (1968) and two Fairs Cups (1968 and 1971) and made a club
record 773 appearances. He won 35 England caps and played in every game
of the successful 1966 World Cup campaign. In 2006, Leeds United
supporters voted Charlton into the club's greatest ever XI.
Charlton later became a manager of both domestic and international sides. In his first season as a manager, he led
Middlesbrough to the
Second Division title, for which he was voted
Manager of the Year in 1974. He later took charge of the
Republic of Ireland national team, and led them to their first ever
World Cup in
1990, where they reached the quarter-finals.
Born into a footballing family in
Ashington, Northumberland, Charlton was initially overshadowed by his younger brother
Bobby, who was taken on by
Manchester United while Jack was doing his
National Service with the
Household Cavalry.
His uncles were
Jack Milburn (Leeds United and Bradford City),
George Milburn (Leeds United and Chesterfield),
Jim Milburn (Leeds United and Bradford Park Avenue) and
Stan Milburn (Chesterfield, Leicester City and Rochdale), and legendary Newcastle United and England footballer
Jackie Milburn was his mother's cousin.
After quitting a job in a coal mine, Charlton applied to join the
police, but was then offered a trial by Leeds United after they had
spotted him playing as a central defender in an amateur match. The trial
game clashed with his police interview, and Charlton chose to play in
the game. He impressed enough to be offered an apprenticeship with
Leeds, and then signed professional terms in 1952. Charlton played in
the Leeds senior team for the first time in April 1953 and within
another two years was a regular fixture in the side, built around
John Charles. Under
Raich Carter, Leeds won promotion to the
First Division
in 1956, before suffering relegation in 1960. Jack Taylor replaced
Carter as manager but he was fired in March 1961 and replaced by Don
Revie. In 1963 Revie agreed to sell Charlton but interested clubs –
including
Liverpool and
Manchester United
– could not match Leeds' asking price. Ultimately, they settled their
differences, and Revie built the Leeds defence around Charlton.
Charlton was joined at centre back in 1962 by
Norman Hunter, a product of the youth policy. Other youth team players such as
Peter Lorimer,
Paul Reaney and
Billy Bremner also came into the side and Leeds won promotion back to the
First Division
in 1964. Leeds made an immediate impact on their first season back in
the top flight; they were runners up in the league, losing the title to
Manchester United on goal average, and were beaten 2–1 by Liverpool in
the FA Cup final. Charlton, operating as an emergency striker, set up
Bremner's goal for Leeds.
International recognition and a World Cup winner's medal
With Charlton approaching his 30th birthday, he was called up by
Alf Ramsey to play for England against
Scotland at Wembley. The game ended 2–2 and Charlton was impressive enough to keep his place. With England hosting the
1966 World Cup in just over 12 months' time, the incentive to stay in the side was obvious.
Ramsey chopped and changed other areas of his team as the World Cup neared, but Charlton's defensive partnership with captain
Bobby Moore remained a constant fixture. Charlton got his first England goal in a pre-tournament victory over
Denmark
before Ramsey confirmed his squad of 22 players for the finals.
Charlton was in the squad, and was given the No. 5 shirt, an indication
that if fit he would be the first choice partner for Moore.
England drew their opening group game against
Uruguay 0–0, but progressed to the knock-out stages after victories against
Mexico and
France. The latter game finished 2–0 with
Roger Hunt
getting both England goals, one of which came after Charlton, venturing
forward to add height to the attack, hit the post with a header.
England eliminated
Argentina in the quarter finals, taking them to a semi final against
Portugal.
Charlton had his work cut out keeping Portugal's
Torres quiet, with the centre forward winning his fair share of aerial duels. However, his brother
Bobby scored twice to give England a commanding lead, before
Eusébio
scored a late penalty after Charlton had handled a shot on the
goal-line. England clung on and reached the final, where they would play
West Germany.
In the final, England beat West Germany 4–2 after extra time to win
the World Cup. One of the most memorable images at the final whistle was
the sight of Charlton, at 31 the second oldest member of the team,
sinking to his knees with his face in his hands, weeping with joy.
Leeds United: trophies and near misses
In 1967 Charlton had a mixed time. Leeds missed out on domestic
honours again and Charlton picked up an injury while playing for England
in April in a 3–2 defeat to Scotland at Wembley, during which he
scored. However, he ended the season as the
Footballer Of The Year
and his future after football as an after-dinner speaker was marked by
his speech at the awards ceremony, which earned him a standing ovation.
Charlton finally won domestic honours with Leeds in 1968 with a controversial
League Cup victory over
Arsenal – the Arsenal players claimed that Charlton had committed a foul in their penalty area prior to the ball reaching
Terry Cooper, who scored the only goal. Leeds also won the
Fairs Cup and Charlton completed the year by playing his 447th League game, breaking the club's previous record for appearances.
In 1969, Leeds finally got their hands on the League championship,
with Charlton proving a rock at the back as the team lost just two games
all season. A year later, Leeds went for the unprecedented treble of
League title, FA Cup and
European Cup – and missed out on all three.
Everton pipped Leeds to the title,
Celtic beat them in the semi finals of the European Cup, and Leeds lost the
FA Cup final to Chelsea after a replay, after a pressured Charlton had unwittingly back-headed a long throw across his own area, allowing
David Webb
to score Chelsea's winner. Charlton was so angry that he did not
collect his runners-up medal afterwards. He had earlier scored Leeds'
opening goal in the original tie.
In the summer of 1970, Ramsey named Charlton in his squad of 22 for the
1970 World Cup. However, Charlton was not Moore's first choice partner, with Everton's
Brian Labone getting the nod after a sturdy series of displays during the
European Championships two years earlier. Charlton played his 35th and final England game in the 1–0 group win over
Czechoslovakia. He scored six goals in those 35 appearances.
England lost in the quarter finals to West Germany, and on the flight
home, Charlton asked Ramsey not to be considered for international duty
again. Charlton agonised over how to break the news to Ramsey.
Eventually, he walked down the aisle, sat down next to Ramsey and said:
"Great times … absolute privilege … getting older … slowing down … not
sure I am up to it any more … time to step down." Ramsey listened, then
agreed with him. "Yes, I had reached that conclusion myself."
Charlton's brother Bobby also asked Ramsey not to consider him again
for the England team during the same flight. Neither would play for
England ever again.
Twilight honours at Leeds
In October 1970, Charlton famously appeared on a Tyne Tees football
programme, where he said he'd once had a "little black book" of names of
players whom he intended to hurt or exact some form of revenge upon
during his playing days. He later said this was a figure of speech and
that no such book existed.
Leeds won the Fairs Cup again in 1971, but lost the league championship to
Arsenal.
In 1972, Leeds finally won the FA Cup and Charlton completed his set of
domestic medals. Although he continued playing, he suffered an injury
in an FA Cup semi final in 1973 which ruled him out for the rest of the
season. He battled to be fit for the
1973 FA Cup Final but failed, and consequently chose to retire from playing. He was 38 and had 774 club appearances and 96 goals to his name.
Republic of Ireland
Charlton spent a brief time outside of football before being approached by the
FAI to manage the
Republic of Ireland. Ireland had a particularly strong squad at the time, with players of the calibre of
Liam Brady,
Ronnie Whelan,
Kevin Moran,
Mark Lawrenson,
Chris Hughton,
Paul McGrath and
David O'Leary, but had never qualified for a major tournament. In May 1986, Ireland won the
Iceland Triangular Tournament in Iceland in Charlton's fourth game in charge.
Ireland qualified for the
1988 European Championships in Germany, and were drawn against
England, the
Soviet Union and the
Netherlands in their group.
An early
Houghton
goal in Ireland's opening game against England was enough to clinch a
1–0 win. Ireland subsequently drew 1–1 with the Soviets but went out of
the competition when they lost 1–0 to the Dutch. Charlton then received
the runner-up prize in the
World Soccer Manager of the Year awards in 1988.
Ireland qualified for the
World Cup
for the first time in 1990, where they were drawn against England,
Egypt and The Netherlands. The Irish qualified from the group stage
despite failing to win any of their 3 group games. They drew 1–1, 0–0
and 1–1 against the English, Egyptians and Dutch respectively.
[4][5][6]
They defeated
Romania in the second round match which went to penalties after a 0–0 draw, before meeting
Pope John Paul II at the
Vatican.
[7]
Charlton admitted that at one point during the service he actually fell
asleep because of the heat and having to sit in the one spot for a long
time.
Ireland eventually went out to the hosts,
Italy 1–0 in the quarter final.
[8][9] Over 500,000 fans lined the streets of Dublin to welcome the team home from their first World Cup campaign.
Ireland failed to reach the
Euro 92, despite going through qualification unbeaten. The team qualified for the
1994 World Cup
in the U.S., and beat Italy 1–0 in the first round. During Ireland's
next game, against Mexico, Charlton had a pitch-side argument with a
linesman who was preventing substitute
John Aldridge
from taking the pitch. Mexico went on to win 2–1. Charlton was later
fined, although he claimed in his autobiography that he never actually
paid the fine, and was suspended for the final group match in New York.
He watched from the stands as Ireland drew 0–0 to Norway, thus
qualifying for the second round. In their next game, Ireland were
eliminated from the competition after losing 2–0 to
the Netherlands.
Charlton was awarded the freedom of the city of Dublin in 1994 by Lord Mayor
Tomás Mac Giolla.
Ireland failed to qualify for
Euro 96,
despite a strong start to the group, when they won their opening three
games, including a 4–0 win against Northern Ireland. The Republic's next
game was also against Northern Ireland, although the result was a 1–1
draw. From that point onwards the Republic stuttered badly; after
beating the highly fancied Portuguese, the Irish then endured an
embarrassing 0–0 draw to
Liechtenstein,
before losing twice to Austria, on both occasions by three goals to
one. Although they defeated Latvia, Ireland needed to beat Portugal in
Lisbon to qualify outright, but lost 3–0. In an emotionally charged play
off at Anfield against the Netherlands, Ireland lost 2–0.
Charlton resigned shortly after the game. During his reign Ireland peaked at #6 in the
FIFA World Rankings
and defeated nearly all the major football nations, including Brazil,
Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Portugal, the USSR and England.
By his own choice, Charlton's involvement in football since then has
been limited to punditry and speaking.